Source Audit

EBRD Iraq TMT Market Study — Technical Proposal · All sources cited across 6 streams · April 14, 2026

Every factual claim in the proposal is traceable to a source below. Confidence levels: Primary = direct/original source, Secondary = reported by another source or market research firm. Streams that use each source are noted for cross-reference.

EBRD Strategy & Institutional Sources

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
EBRD TMT Sector Strategy 2025–2029
ebrd.com
Strategy docFeb 2025Strategy language, investment framework, transition impact criteriaPrimaryS-1,2,3,6
EBRD Strategic and Capital Framework 2026–2030
ebrd.com
Strategy docMay 2025Iraq as named growth priority, three strategic themesPrimaryS-1,2
EBRD announces first investment in Iraq (NBI $100M)
ebrd.com
Press releaseSep 2025EBRD operational timeline, first investmentPrimaryS-1
EBRD conflict response — €5B Middle East deployment
eumedbridge.eu
NewsApr 2026Investment scale and urgencySecondaryS-1
Record EBRD investment in SEMED 2025
ebrd.com
Press releaseFeb 2026Tunisie Telecom €50M, Orange Egypt €68M precedentsPrimaryS-1,4,6
Project BRIDGE — Nigeria fibre ($100M EBRD + $500M WB)
empowerafrica.com
NewsMar 2026Blended finance precedentSecondaryS-4,5,6
EBRD SSA TMT market study (Kenya, Nigeria, etc.)
ebrd.com
Project pageNov 2025Methodological precedent for comparable studyPrimaryS-2
EBRD launches SME programmes in Iraq
ebrd.com
Press releaseFeb 2026EBRD Iraq operational context, Star VenturePrimaryS-1

Iraq TMT Market Data

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
Mordor Intelligence — Iraq Telecom MNO Market Report
mordorintelligence.com
Market researchJan 2026Market size ($2.88B 2025, $3.53B 2031, 3.4% CAGR), Zain $1.1B revenue, data share 51.5%, Nokia modernization, Asiacell LTE sites, download speedsSecondaryS-1,2,3,4
Opensignal — Iraq Mobile Network Experience Report
opensignal.com
Primary researchJan 2025Asiacell best network, download/upload speeds, reliability scoresPrimaryS-1,2
MarcoPolis — Telecom Companies in Iraq & Kurdistan
marcopolis.net
Market overviewApr 2024Market shares (Zain 53%, Asiacell 31%, Korek 16%), penetration ratesSecondaryS-1,2
Telco Magazine — Iraq 5G and Fibre Investment
telcomagazine.com
Industry newsSep 2025FTTH, data centre landscape, vendor involvementSecondaryS-2,4
Market Report Analytics — Iraq Telecom Competitor Insights
marketreportanalytics.com
Market researchJan 2026$2.5B market estimate, Zajil/ITPC route, market concentrationSecondaryS-1,4

NMTC / National Mobile Company

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
Iraq Business News — NMTC establishment
iraq-businessnews.com
NewsMar 2025Cabinet approval, ownership structure, Vodafone partnershipPrimaryS-1,2
Iraq Business News — NMTC launch (Articles of Incorporation)
iraq-businessnews.com
NewsSep 2025PM Al-Sudani signing, public subscription plansPrimaryS-1
Shafaq News — Judicial freeze on NMTC
shafaq.com
Investigative reportOct 2025Judge's order, CMC-MoC dispute, no Vodafone contract (only MOU), Oct 8 signing cancelledPrimaryS-1,2
Iraqi News — 5G project halted
iraqinews.com
NewsJan 2026Ongoing suspension as of Jan 2026, CMC-MoC disputesSecondaryS-1,2
964media — Vodafone Iraq state operator
964media.com
News/interviewAug 2025Minister Al-Yasiri interview: FTTH data (4.5M lines, 1.5M active, 6M target), partner market model detailsPrimaryS-1,2,4

Regulatory & Institutional

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
Shafaq News — Iraq Integrity Committee investigating operators
shafaq.com
NewsFeb 2025Korek $1.3B debt, CMC internet suspension, parliamentary investigationPrimaryS-1,2
The National — Court rules against licence renewal
thenationalnews.com
NewsJul 20212020 court annulment of licence extensions, subscriber countsPrimaryS-2
Al Tamimi & Company — Communication Sector in Iraq
tamimi.com
Legal analysisJul 2020CMC/MoC regulatory architecture, ITPC, licensing framework, VSATPrimaryS-2
Kooch — Middle East Data Protection Laws 2025
kooch.co
Legal analysisNov 2025Iraq lacks comprehensive data protection law, 2019 cabinet draft unenactedSecondaryS-2
IAPP — Global Privacy Laws (144 countries)
iapp.org
ResearchJan 2025Iraq among most populous countries without privacy lawPrimaryS-2
HHL Law — Iraq Digital Transformation Legal Guide
hhl-iq.com
Legal guideJan 2026Digital Payment Regulation No. 2/2024, Second Digital Space Forum Dec 2025, Starlink discussionsSecondaryS-2

Iraq Economy & Macro Context

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
Ecomnews Med — Iraqi Oil Sector Analysis
ecomnewsmed.com
AnalysisOct 2025Oil = 39% GDP, 92% govt revenue, 99% exports (2024)SecondaryS-2
Kurdistan24 — Iraq 2024 Revenue Report
kurdistan24.net
NewsJan 2025Oil revenues 88% of total income per Ministry of FinanceSecondaryS-2
Shafaq News — Iraq 2024 revenue tops $102B
shafaq.com
NewsFeb 2025Ministry of Finance revenue data, oil dependency figurePrimaryS-2
AGBI — Iraq fiscal deficit to widen
agbi.com
AnalysisNov 2025Fitch rating, oil = 40% GDP / 90% govt revenue, fiscal outlookSecondaryS-2
World Bank — Iraq Macro Poverty Outlook
worldbank.org
Official report2025GDP growth projections, OPEC+ production contextPrimaryS-2

EBRD Counterpart Intelligence

SourceTypeDateUsed ForConf.Streams
Capacity Middle East 2026 — Antonia Maier speaker profile
capacitymiddleeast.com
ConferenceFeb 2026Maier as Regional Head TMT, "Building Iraq's Digital Future" panelPrimaryOrchestrator
Africa Hyperscalers News — GITEX Africa, Maier on regulatory coherence
hyperscalers.news
Conference reportApr 2026Maier's priorities: regulatory coherence, regional platforms, Egypt data centresPrimaryOrchestrator
News.az — Azerbaijan/EBRD telecom cooperation
news.az
NewsAug 2024Maier + Bjorlin Hansen on Azerbaijan TMT togetherSecondaryOrchestrator

Internal / Project Documents

SourceTypeDateUsed ForStreams
EBRD Iraq TMT Market Study — Technical Proposal Outline (updated).docxEBRD templateApr 2026Proposal structure, section assignments, deadlines, team namesAll
Cowork summary of proposal outlineInternal summaryApr 2026Entity extraction, section breakdown, gap identificationOrchestrator
Mike voice captures (11 captures, 14 min total)Voice memoApr 13–14, 2026Strategic direction, editorial decisions, stakeholder access confirmationOrchestrator
Top Mountain company profile (.docx)Internal2026Firm capabilities, track record, team biosTeam section
CVs: Michael Rothe, Zhala Sabir, Miran Dizayee, Musab Alkateeb (.docx)Internal2026Personnel qualifications, Key Expert positioningTeam section

Source Audit v1.0 · EBRD Iraq TMT Proposal · April 14, 2026 · 30 external sources + 5 internal documents